| 13 Sep 2018 |
Unique View of Links in the Brain
Jülich, 13 September 2018 – Together with scientists from the University of Bochum, Jülich researchers from the JARA Institute Brain Structure–Function Relations hips (INM-10) have for the first time quantitatively investigated and described in detail a synapse located in the temporal lobe of the human brain using high-resolution digital electron micrographs. In addition to similarities, the investigations on the 3D models of human synapses revealed significant differences compared to synaptic structures in animal models. This applies particularly to the size and the structure of “active zones” (neurotransmitter release sites) and the number and availability of synaptic vesicles. The team of scientists headed by Prof. Joachim Lübke therefore concluded that data collected in animal experiments cannot as a rule be applied to humans directly.
|
R. Yakoubi, A. Rollenhagen, M. von Lehe, Y. Shao, K. Sätzler and J. H.R. Lübke (2018), Quantitative Three-Dimensional Reconstructions of Excitatory Synaptic Boutons in Layer 5 of the Adult Human Temporal Lobe Neocortex: A Fine-Scale Electron Microscopic Analysis, Cerebral Cortex, 2018; 1–18, doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy146
https://academic.oup.com/cercor/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cercor/bhy146/5042008
Rollenhagen A., Ohana O., Sätzler K.,Hilgetag C. C., Kuhl D. and Lübke J. H. R. (2018), Structural Properties of Synaptic Transmission and Temporal Dynamics at Excitatory Layer 5B Synapses in the Adult Rat Somatosensory Cortex, Front. Synaptic Neurosci., 10:24, doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00024
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00024/full
|
| 07 Mar 2019 |
Thermoelectric efficiency of quantum dots now characterizable
Thermoelectric materials can convert temperature differences into electrical energy and vice versa. In nanodimensions, they are potentially useful for applications such as cooling microchips, or improving their energy efficiency in the form of nanoscale thermoelectric generators.
|
B. Dutta, D. Majidi, A. Garcia Corral, P. Erdman, S. Florens, T. A. Costi, H. Courtois, C. B. Winkelmann;
Direct Probe of the Seebeck Coefficient in a Kondo-Correlated Single-Quantum-Dot Transistor;
Nano Lett., 2019, 19 (1), pp 506–511, DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04398
T. A. Costi and V. Zlatic;
Thermoelectric transport through strongly correlated quantum dots;
Phys. Rev. B81, 235127 (2010), DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.235127
|
| 20 Jul 2018 |
Synthesizing the Materials of the Future
Jülich, 16 Juli 2018 – How can materials be synthesized and processed more easily using electric and magnetic fields? A team of researchers from six German universities and research institutions headed by Jülich materials scientist Olivier Guillon summarize the current state of research in this field.
|
"Manipulation of matter by electric and magnetic fields: Toward novel synthesis and processing routes of inorganic materials",
Materials Today, by Olivier Guillon, Christian Elsässer, Oliver Gutfleisch, Jürgen Janek, Sandra Korte-Kerzel, Dierk Raabe, Cynthia A. Volkert,
DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2018.03.026
|
| 12 Apr 2017 |
Synchronization Effects in the Quantum World
Jülich, 12 March 2017 – A German–Italian team of researchers headed by the Jülich physicist Dirk Witthaut was able to verify a direct link between classical synchronization and quantum entanglement. The scientists examined a certain type of coupled quantum systems which can be implemented in experiments using Bose–Einstein condensates. They combined the classical theory of synchronization with simulations of quantum dynamics – and were able to show that classical synchronization predicts the development of entangled quantum states.
|
Classical synchronization indicates persistent entanglement in isolated quantum systems, Dirk Witthaut, Sandro Wimberger, Raffaella Burioni, Marc Timme
Nature Communications, published 12 April, DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS14829
|
| 20 Oct 2016 |
Surprising Insight into the World of Atomic Nuclei
Jülich, 20 October 2016 - How do neutrons and protons combine to form atomic nuclei? A new computer simulation has produced a surprising result to this question: if one single parameter was minimally altered in the simulation, it had fundamental effects on the structure of the nuclei. Our universe might therefore look quite different under slightly altered conditions. Alongside the University of Bonn, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Ruhr University Bochum, and two US universities also participated in the study. The results were published in the journal Physical Review Letters.
|
Serdar Elhatisari, Ning Li, Alexander Rokash, Jose Manuel Alarcon, Dechuan Du, Nico Klein, Bing-nan Lu, Ulf-G. Meißner, Evgeny Epelbaum, Hermann Krebs, Timo A. Lähde, Dean Lee, Gautam Rupak: Nuclear binding near a quantum phase transition; Physical Review Letters; DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.132501
|
| 23 Jan 2018 |
Supercomputers Shed Light on the Cause of Alzheimer’s
Forschungszentrum Jülich, 23 January 2018 – Deposits from certain protein building blocks – amyloid beta (Aβ) – are viewed as a typical sign of Alzheimer’s disease. How these amyloid plaques are formed exactly has yet to be explained in detail, however. Using computer simulations, Jülich researchers have now been able to demonstrate that the form and distribution of intermediate products in the formation process, known as oligomers, play an important role in the "clumping" of proteins.
|
Pathways of Amyloid-β Aggregation Depend on Oligomer Shape
Bogdan Barz, Qinghua Liao, and Birgit Strodel
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2018 140 (1), 319-327, DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10343
|
| 10 Apr 2018 |
Structural Processes in Adaptive Hydrogel Determined for First Time
Jülich/Aachen, 11 April 2018 – Scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich and RWTH Aachen University have been able to determine the structural processes in an adaptive hydrogel for the first time. With the aid of X-ray scattering experiments and computer simulations, they were able to show the changes in size and structure of the hydrogel in reaction to external stimuli. The results could lead to new applications in technology and medicine.
|
"Time-resolved structural evolution during the collapse of responsive hydrogels: The microgel-to-particle transition"
Rico Keidel, Ali Ghavami, Dersy M. Lugo, Gudrun Lotze, Otto Virtanen, Peter Beumers, Jan Skov Pedersen, Andre Bardow, Roland G. Winkler, Walter Richtering
Science Advances, 06 Apr 2018, Vol. 4, no. 4, eaao7086, DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao7086
|
Content