| 29 Sep 2020 |
Wired Up: Majorana Fermions for Quantum Computing
Majorana fermions exhibit a strange property: these exotic particles cannot be distinguished from their own antiparticles. Nevertheless, technically they could be extremely useful as qubits for quantum computers. However, Majorana fermions are very difficult to detect. Scientists from Forschungszentrum Jülich and RWTH Aachen University together with partners from the University of Hamburg can now demonstrate a possible way around this difficulty.
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Schneider, L., Brinker, S., Steinbrecher, M. et al.
Controlling in-gap end states by linking nonmagnetic atoms and artificially-constructed spin chains on superconductors
Nat Commun 11, 4707 (2020), DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18540-3
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| 13 Sep 2018 |
Unique View of Links in the Brain
Jülich, 13 September 2018 – Together with scientists from the University of Bochum, Jülich researchers from the JARA Institute Brain Structure–Function Relations hips (INM-10) have for the first time quantitatively investigated and described in detail a synapse located in the temporal lobe of the human brain using high-resolution digital electron micrographs. In addition to similarities, the investigations on the 3D models of human synapses revealed significant differences compared to synaptic structures in animal models. This applies particularly to the size and the structure of “active zones” (neurotransmitter release sites) and the number and availability of synaptic vesicles. The team of scientists headed by Prof. Joachim Lübke therefore concluded that data collected in animal experiments cannot as a rule be applied to humans directly.
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R. Yakoubi, A. Rollenhagen, M. von Lehe, Y. Shao, K. Sätzler and J. H.R. Lübke (2018), Quantitative Three-Dimensional Reconstructions of Excitatory Synaptic Boutons in Layer 5 of the Adult Human Temporal Lobe Neocortex: A Fine-Scale Electron Microscopic Analysis, Cerebral Cortex, 2018; 1–18, doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhy146
https://academic.oup.com/cercor/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cercor/bhy146/5042008
Rollenhagen A., Ohana O., Sätzler K.,Hilgetag C. C., Kuhl D. and Lübke J. H. R. (2018), Structural Properties of Synaptic Transmission and Temporal Dynamics at Excitatory Layer 5B Synapses in the Adult Rat Somatosensory Cortex, Front. Synaptic Neurosci., 10:24, doi: 10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00024
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2018.00024/full
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| 07 Mar 2019 |
Thermoelectric efficiency of quantum dots now characterizable
Thermoelectric materials can convert temperature differences into electrical energy and vice versa. In nanodimensions, they are potentially useful for applications such as cooling microchips, or improving their energy efficiency in the form of nanoscale thermoelectric generators.
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B. Dutta, D. Majidi, A. Garcia Corral, P. Erdman, S. Florens, T. A. Costi, H. Courtois, C. B. Winkelmann;
Direct Probe of the Seebeck Coefficient in a Kondo-Correlated Single-Quantum-Dot Transistor;
Nano Lett., 2019, 19 (1), pp 506–511, DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04398
T. A. Costi and V. Zlatic;
Thermoelectric transport through strongly correlated quantum dots;
Phys. Rev. B81, 235127 (2010), DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.81.235127
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| 01 Oct 2020 |
Synthetic Cells: Controlling Shapes and Movements
Living cells can take on many different forms, in order to move around, worm their way through narrow spaces, or to absorb nutrients. Pathogens use these abilities for active locomotion to penetrate healthy tissue, for instance. Scientists at Forschungszentrum Jülich and ETH Zurich have now studied the physical principles of these complex processes using a new synthetic model system.
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Original publication: Hanumantha Rao Vutukuri et al.;
Active particles induce large shape deformations in giant lipid vesicles;
Nature, 30. September 2020, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2730-x
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| 20 Jul 2018 |
Synthesizing the Materials of the Future
Jülich, 16 Juli 2018 – How can materials be synthesized and processed more easily using electric and magnetic fields? A team of researchers from six German universities and research institutions headed by Jülich materials scientist Olivier Guillon summarize the current state of research in this field.
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"Manipulation of matter by electric and magnetic fields: Toward novel synthesis and processing routes of inorganic materials",
Materials Today, by Olivier Guillon, Christian Elsässer, Oliver Gutfleisch, Jürgen Janek, Sandra Korte-Kerzel, Dierk Raabe, Cynthia A. Volkert,
DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2018.03.026
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| 12 Apr 2017 |
Synchronization Effects in the Quantum World
Jülich, 12 March 2017 – A German–Italian team of researchers headed by the Jülich physicist Dirk Witthaut was able to verify a direct link between classical synchronization and quantum entanglement. The scientists examined a certain type of coupled quantum systems which can be implemented in experiments using Bose–Einstein condensates. They combined the classical theory of synchronization with simulations of quantum dynamics – and were able to show that classical synchronization predicts the development of entangled quantum states.
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Classical synchronization indicates persistent entanglement in isolated quantum systems, Dirk Witthaut, Sandro Wimberger, Raffaella Burioni, Marc Timme
Nature Communications, published 12 April, DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS14829
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| 20 Oct 2016 |
Surprising Insight into the World of Atomic Nuclei
Jülich, 20 October 2016 - How do neutrons and protons combine to form atomic nuclei? A new computer simulation has produced a surprising result to this question: if one single parameter was minimally altered in the simulation, it had fundamental effects on the structure of the nuclei. Our universe might therefore look quite different under slightly altered conditions. Alongside the University of Bonn, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Ruhr University Bochum, and two US universities also participated in the study. The results were published in the journal Physical Review Letters.
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Serdar Elhatisari, Ning Li, Alexander Rokash, Jose Manuel Alarcon, Dechuan Du, Nico Klein, Bing-nan Lu, Ulf-G. Meißner, Evgeny Epelbaum, Hermann Krebs, Timo A. Lähde, Dean Lee, Gautam Rupak: Nuclear binding near a quantum phase transition; Physical Review Letters; DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.132501
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